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There are some commercial and industrial buildings that now exceed sixty stories or more. These buildings all need tall cranes to help move the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other kinds which are operated from the rear of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest types offered on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane would be on site.
Types
The two major kinds of cranes could be distinguished by the manner in which their boom or jib raises supplies. The jib is the metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it lifts items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both types can vary from 30 pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of separate sections. In order to increase the overall height of the equipment, sections are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to lift materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor situated next to the control module. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy materials are lifted.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specialized type of mobile crane. These cranes utilize hydraulics and can lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in constructing major projects like for instance bridges, airports, buildings and roadways. A crane can complete in minutes tasks which will normally take lots of hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
These impressive equipments have played a very important part in constructing cities, houses, individual buildings and entire nations throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were probably built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The first representation of a crane was showcased during King Ramses' reign in Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting mechanism which was used to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were utilized to create a whole country in the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards began to require stronger and bigger machines. Hick & Rothwell designed the very first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, in the year 1834. This machine can lift up to 2 tons. That same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to build cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was built in Neuburg.
