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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of eighty meters or 265 feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is sixteen thousand six hundred forty two kilograms or 39,690 pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. Furthermore, two limit switches are utilized to be able to make sure that the driver does not overload the crane. There is even one more safety feature known as a load moment switch to ensure that the operator does not surpass the ton meter load rating. Last of all, the tower crane has a maximum reach of two hundred thirty feet or 70 meters.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, especially because of their extreme heights. At first, the stationary structure has to be transported to the construction site by using a large tractor-trailer rig setup. Then, a mobile crane is used in order to assemble the machinery part of the jib and the crane. These sections are then attached to the mast. The mobile crane next adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts could be a few of the other industrial machinery that is typically utilized to erect a crane.
When the building is erected, mast extensions are added to the crane. This is how the crane's height can match the building's height. The crane crew uses what is called a top climber or a climbing frame which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit could detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an additional 20 feet or 6.1m. Then, the operator of the crane uses the crane to insert and bolt into position another mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by description is a container other than in the tare or empty condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers should be treated as loaded. In order to maintain safety, when securing or handling containers, environmental conditions like for instance wind need to be taken into consideration. The term loaded refers to the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. So as to guarantee that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the cargo should be distributed all over the container.
Having an evenly distributed cargo it is helpful to prevent lack of vehicle stability, and excessive tilting, in order to maintain safety. An even load helps to prevent unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
The eccentricity of the center of gravity differs, with the distribution of load in the container. It is extremely important that the designers of handling machinery and containers take this into consideration in the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the container length measured from one end of the equipment, the eccentricity corresponds to 5%.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make certain that the machinery used is perfect for the cargo. Particular attention should be paid to the risk of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is mobile or eccentric, like a bulk container, a tank container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging load, great care must be taken when raising these.
